Atomic Structure MCQs with Answers

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Atomic Structure Online Quiz

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• Test Name: Atomic Structure MCQ Quiz Practice
• Type: Quiz Test
• Total Questions: 40
• Total Marks: 40
• Time: 40 minutes

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Atomic Structure

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1 / 40

Who conducted the gold foil experiment?

Niels Bohr

Ernest Rutherford

J.J. Thomson

2 / 40

How many electrons can the third energy level hold?

18

8

2

3 / 40

What is the ground state of an atom?

An excited state of the atom

A state where the atom has lost an electron

The lowest energy state of the atom

4 / 40

What does the Pauli exclusion principle state?

No two electrons can have the same set of quantum numbers

Electrons occupy orbitals of equal energy singly first

Electrons fill the lowest energy orbitals first

5 / 40

What particles are found in the nucleus of an atom?

Electrons and protons

Protons and neutrons

Neutrons and electrons

6 / 40

What are valence electrons?

Electrons in the innermost energy level

Electrons in the outermost energy level

Electrons in the nucleus

7 / 40

What is the shape of an s orbital?

Spherical

Dumbbell-shaped

Cloverleaf-shaped

8 / 40

What is an orbital?

The path of an electron around the nucleus

A region of space where there is a high probability of finding an electron

The nucleus of an atom

9 / 40

What is the electron configuration of an atom?

The arrangement of protons and neutrons in the nucleus

The distribution of electrons in an atom's orbitals

The arrangement of atoms in a molecule

10 / 40

What happens when an electron moves to a higher energy level?

It releases energy

It absorbs energy

It loses mass

11 / 40

What is a cation?

A neutral atom

A positively charged ion

A negatively charged ion

12 / 40

What determines the chemical properties of an element?

Number of neutrons

Electron configuration

Number of protons

13 / 40

Which rule states that electrons fill the lowest energy orbitals first?

Pauli exclusion principle

Hund's rule

Aufbau principle

14 / 40

How many f orbitals are there in an f sublevel?

3

7

5

15 / 40

How many electrons can the first energy level hold?

2

8

18

16 / 40

What is the mass number of an element?

Sum of electrons and protons

Sum of electrons and neutrons

Sum of protons and neutrons

17 / 40

What is an anion?

A neutral atom

A positively charged ion

A negatively charged ion

18 / 40

What is the atomic number of an element?

Number of neutrons

Number of protons

Number of electrons

19 / 40

Who discovered the electron?

Ernest Rutherford

Niels Bohr

J.J. Thomson

20 / 40

What is the charge of a neutron?

Positive

Negative

Neutral

21 / 40

What is the relative mass of a proton compared to an electron?

Approximately 2000 times

Approximately 1836 times

Approximately 100 times

22 / 40

What does the Heisenberg uncertainty principle state?

Electrons occupy orbitals of equal energy singly first

Electrons fill the lowest energy orbitals first

It is impossible to know both the position and momentum of an electron simultaneously

23 / 40

What are the energy levels where electrons reside called?

Shells

Nuclei

Orbitals

24 / 40

What is the maximum number of electrons that can occupy a single orbital?

3

1

2

25 / 40

What happens when an electron falls back to a lower energy level?

It absorbs energy

It releases energy

It gains mass

26 / 40

What did Rutherford's gold foil experiment demonstrate?

The presence of electrons

The existence of a small, dense nucleus

The existence of isotopes

27 / 40

What is the principal quantum number?

Describes the shape of an orbital

Describes the orientation of an orbital

Describes the energy level of an electron

28 / 40

How many d orbitals are there in a d sublevel?

3

7

5

29 / 40

What is the central part of an atom called?

Nucleus

Shell

Electron cloud

30 / 40

What is the charge of a proton?

Positive

Neutral

Negative

31 / 40

Which particle orbits the nucleus of an atom?

Neutron

Electron

Proton

32 / 40

What is an isotope?

Atoms with the same number of electrons but different numbers of protons

Atoms with the same number of neutrons but different numbers of protons

Atoms with the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons

33 / 40

What model of the atom did J.J. Thomson propose?

Quantum mechanical model

Planetary model

Plum pudding model

34 / 40

What does Hund's rule state?

Electrons occupy orbitals of equal energy singly first

No two electrons can have the same set of quantum numbers

Electrons fill the lowest energy orbitals first

35 / 40

What is the shape of a p orbital?

Cloverleaf-shaped

Dumbbell-shaped

Spherical

36 / 40

How many electrons can the second energy level hold?

8

18

2

37 / 40

What is an ion?

An atom that has gained or lost electrons

An atom that has gained or lost neutrons

An atom that has gained or lost protons

38 / 40

What is the charge of an electron?

Negative

Neutral

Positive

39 / 40

How many p orbitals are there in a p sublevel?

5

1

3

40 / 40

Who proposed the planetary model of the atom?

J.J. Thomson

Ernest Rutherford

Niels Bohr

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